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Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Branded 'super spreader', family of Karnataka COVID-19 victim battles stigma

Coronavirus
With seven family members and several contacts testing positive, the family is struggling to move past the branding.
Healthcare staff carrying the body of a COVID-19 victim
It has been exactly a month since Qadeer Sultan’s brother, a 55-year-old businessman from Karnataka’s Kalaburagi, died due to COVID-19. With seven of his family members contracting the coronavirus, Qadeer says returning home has worsened the stigma that they suffer.  His brother has been branded a ‘super-spreader’ by the media, and for Qadeer and the family, the label has all the more sharpened their grief. “It's over now. My brother is dead. I am not able to function by thinking about him constantly. I have to learn to live with what I have,” Qadeer says.  When Qadeer’s brother died on April 13, his entire family was in institutional quarantine at the ESI Hospital in Kalaburagi. His brother was in the isolation ward at the same hospital. “I don’t have any complaints about the government or the way they helped us when we were in quarantine. But he was so close to me and yet we were so far away from each other when he died. I wonder if he died feeling lonely and bereft of his family’s presence. I wonder if he would have recovered had we been there to instill confidence in him,” he recounts.  A series of harrowing events Qadeer, a local businessman in Kalaburagi district, lived in the same building as his brother in Kalaburagi city. He says that his brother developed a cough on April 2.  On April 3, Qadeer’s brother went to visit his family physician, Gousuddin Arif. He is the same doctor who treated the first patient who succumbed to COVID-19 in the state - the 86-year-old man from Kalaburagi, who had travelled to Mecca.  Dr Arif prescribed medication to Qadeer’s brother and asked him to return after five days. The cough persisted. “It actually got worse,” Qadeer says. On April 8, Qadeer rushed his brother to Dr Arif’s clinic. The doctor did not allow them to get out of their car and asked them to go directly to a government hospital and get tested for the novel coronavirus.  His brother tested positive for the novel coronavirus on the night of April 8. On the morning of April 9, officials with the Kalaburagi district administration gathered 18 of Qadeer’s family members for institutional quarantine. Qadeer’s neighbour had been to the Tablighi Jamaat congregation in New Delhi. District officials say that Qadeer’s brother may have contracted the virus from his neighbour.  By April 12, his brother, who had Influenza-like illness, had trouble breathing and was put on the ventilator. On the morning of April 13, the doctors at ESI Hospital informed him that his brother was no more. Qadeer’s brother is survived by his wife and his two children aged 21 and 24 years. His two sons are pursuing engineering and were home in Kalaburagi when the lockdown began in March this year. “He was a god-fearing person. My sister-in-law and her sons have lost a husband and a father. I cannot begin to imagine how they are grieving,” he says.  Of the 18 family members who were taken to the quarantine centre, seven tested positive, and a total of 24 primary and secondary contacts tested positive in the subsequent days.  Fear and tragedy Speaking to TNM, one of the victim’s sons, who wished to remain anonymous, says that his father owned two clothing stores in Kalaburagi. “He was a good father. He never denied us any luxuries in our lives. He encouraged us to do whatever we wanted to. He was always ready with a joke,” Aslam* says.  On March 15, Aslam’s mother tested positive for the coronavirus, making it doubly hard for the young man to cope with the series of tragic events that struck his family. On the same day, Aslam and his brother tested positive too.  “My brother and I did not have any symptoms. We feared what would happen if one of our family members died. I could not sleep at night. My father’s death has taken a toll on the whole family. We were scared for my mother. She had a fever after she tested positive. What was very distressing was that we couldn’t talk to my father before he died. None of us got to say goodbye,” Aslam adds.  Aslam recounts his father wanting to expand his business across Kalaburagi in the future. He was hoping that one of his sons would give up engineering and help run the business. “I remember a time when my father and I made plans to expand a successful business. We would discuss ideas over lunch or dinner when I came back for my semester break,” Aslam says.  A funeral without goodbyes Qadeer and his family were in quarantine and their results were awaited when news of his brother’s death arrived.  “I asked the doctors if we could see him and they said we could not as there were certain protocols to follow before burial. I remember being very, very angry with the doctor. I remember feeling helpless,” Qadeer says.  The doctors at ESI Hospital allegedly advised Qadeer and his family members to stand at a distance when the burial process was taking place. “We couldn’t see anything. I wanted to see him for myself. I wanted to tell him that things will be good for him in heaven and that God would protect him,” he adds.  The stigma and search for normalcy Aslam, his brother and mother are now searching for one thing they crave: normalcy. Local news reports branding his father a ‘super spreader’ has left them disheartened. Aslam says that his friends and neighbours looked at them with wary eyes when he returned home this morning.  “My father did not willingly get the virus. He did not maliciously spread it to anyone. Everyone is branding him as some criminal. He was at home. He did not go anywhere. This should not have happened to him and no one understands this. I hope no one is in this situation. If my father, who was highly unlikely to get infected, got it,  then anyone can get it. I pray that no one has to bear so much sadness in their lives,” Aslam says.  *Name(s) changed  
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Jubilant Life Sciences to make drug Remdesivir, firm was in news after employees got COVID-19

Coronavirus
The drug has recently got Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by United State Federal Drug Authority for COVID-19.
Representational image
Jubilant Life Sciences, the pharmaceutical company which incidentally made news after one of its employees in the Mysuru (Nanjangud) facility tested positive for COVID-19 under mysterious circumstances, will now make remdesivir, a drug said to aid in decreasing the viral load in infected individuals. Remdesivir, an investigational antiviral drug developed by Gilead Sciences, received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the United State Federal Drug Authority to treat COVID-19. The drug has earlier been used for other infections such as Ebola and hepatitis. READ| COVID-19: Is the drug remdesivir really effective in bringing down recovery time? Other than the Nanjangud facility, the company according to its own website has five manufacturing units in India spread across Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Outside India, it has two manufacturing units, one each in the United States and Canada. In a stock exchange filing on Tuesday, the company said that its subsidiary, Jubilant Generics Limited (“Jubilant”), has entered into a non-exclusive licensing agreement with Ireland-based Gilead Sciences, Inc with regards to this investigational drug. The agreement means that Jubilant can register, manufacture and sell the drug developed by the US company. With this, Jubilant will also have the right to receive a technology transfer of the Gilead manufacturing process to scale up production to enable expedited access of the medicine to Covid-19 patients upon approvals by regulatory authorities in 127 countries including India. “We are very happy to strengthen our partnership with Gilead to license remdesivir, which, based on initial data, shows promise to be a potential therapy for Covid-19, a pandemic creating unprecedented health and economic crisis globally. We will be monitoring the clinical trials and regulatory approvals very closely and would be ready to launch the drug shortly after the required regulatory approvals. We also plan to produce the drug’s Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (‘API’) in-house helping its cost effectiveness and consistent availability,” Shyam S Bhartia, Chairman and Hari S Bhartia, Co-Chairman and Managing Director, Jubilant Life Sciences said in a statement. The other Indian companies which reached an agreement for this with Gilead are Cipla, Hetero Labs and Mylan. Mystery remains Till date the source of the infection for the first employee of the pharma company (35-year-old man) remains unknown. From patient zero, 75 other patients (a majority were colleagues) contracted the infection. As a result, the factory has been shut by district authorities. While the patient has no known travel or contact history, Medical Education Minister K Sudhakar in an interview had said the patient had gone to China. But this was debunked by the patient himself in an interview to TNM who had he said that he did not even have a passport. READ | ‘I have no passport, didn’t go to China’: Mysuru pharma’s patient zero speaks to TNM
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Colleagues paint a mixed picture of ousted vaccine chief

Whistleblower Rick Bright makes a powerful case against the president, but may be pressed at Thursday’s hearing about his own claims and record.

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Karnataka CET to be held on July 30 and 31

Education
The Common Entrance Test (CET) helps around 62,000 students gain admission into undergraduate professional courses each year.
Representational image/PTI
The Common Entrance Test (CET) 2020 will be held on July 30 and 31, Karnataka Deputy Chief Minister and Higher Education Minister CN Ashwathnarayan said on Wednesday.   The entrance examination was slated to be held on April 23 and 24 but was postponed due to the lockdown imposed in the country due to the coronavirus pandemic.   More than 1.90 lakh students were registered for the examination, which is for admission to undergraduate professional courses. The entrance examination helps around 62,000 students gain admission into colleges.   On April 20, the state government launched “Get CET GO”, a free online crash course programme to help students prepare for CET and National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) 2020.   “The Get CET Go programme is a comprehensive online platform, which includes topical synopsis, tests, practice questions and videos; it is made available free of cost to all students across the state. In these uncertain and glum times of the lockdown which has restricted students to their houses, this programme serves as a constructive engagement for them,” Ashwathnarayan told reporters on Wednesday.   He also announced that over 76,000 students had signed up to use the platform, both on the smartphone application and on the web portal.   In addition, he announced that over 55,000 students had downloaded the Android application and more than 1,69,000 students had visited the web portal.   “I urge more students to use this facility and also appeal to their parents to encourage their wards to do the same,” Ashwathnarayan added. However, the Karnataka government is yet to announce when colleges and schools will be allowed to function.   The central government had earlier announced that the JEE-Mains examination will be conducted between July 18 and 23 while the JEE-Advanced examination will be conducted in August. The NEET exam is slated for July 26.
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K’taka HC asks why govt is hesitant to give details for Nikhil Kumaraswamy’s wedding

Controversy
CJ Abhay Shreeniwas Oka and Justice BV Nagarathna said since there is no definite information on the number of vehicle passes issued, there is need for an inquiry.
The Karnataka High Court on Tuesday observed that it will send a wrong signal to the public if only some persons were given special concessions to hold elaborate weddings amidst lockdown while hearing the Nikhil Kumaraswamy case. On this issue, the HC on Tuesday questioned why the state government was hesitant to submit details on the number of vehicle passes issued for the wedding, reported The Hindu. It may be recalled that based on a public interest litigation on the issue, the Karnataka High Court had pulled up the state government and sought details of the procedures followed to allow the wedding. According to The New Indian Express, the division bench of Chief Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka and Justice BV Nagarathna said that since there is no definite information on the number of vehicle passes issued, there is need for an inquiry. The state government advocate, defending the Ramanagara Deputy Commissioner (DC), said although the Ministry of Home Affairs does not specify an upper limit for the number of guests, the DC should have put a cap on the number of guests for the event. The Hndu further reported that the HC criticised the state government saying it cannot behave as a private citizen and use a loophole in the MHA guidelines to defend itself. The state government further said that from now on, it won’t allow weddings to take place with more than 50 guests till the lockdown restrictions are lifted. Nikhil, son of former Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy, had married Revathi, the grandniece of former Housing Minister M Krishnappa, on April 17. While the former CM had claimed that it was a low-key affair due to the lockdown restrictions, pictures of the event suggested otherwise. The event was held at a resort in Bidadi for which close to 50 cars reportedly arrived for the ceremony.
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7 trains leave Karnataka carrying over 10,000 migrant workers back to their hometowns

Coronavirus
The first shramik special train on Tuesday left Kabakaputtur station near Mysuru at 2.38 pm with 1,428 passengers to Bapudam Motihari in Bihar.
Passengers boarding one of the shramik trains
Seven South Western Railway (SWR) zone special trains ferried 10,059 migrant workers back home to five Indian states amid the COVID pandemic, an official said on Tuesday. "The first shramik special train from Mysuru left Kabakaputtur station near Mysuru at 2.38 pm with 1,428 passengers to Bapudam Motihari in Bihar," said a SWR zone official. Bapudam Motihari is 154 km north of Bihar capital Patna. Tuesday's second special train with 1,076 migrants departed Chikka Bannavara station from the outskirts of Bengaluru at 3:30 pm to Haridwar in Uttarakhand. Haridwar is 53 km south of Uttarakhand capital Dehradun. The third special train from Malur near Bengaluru to Danapur in Bihar departed at 5:03 pm with 1,527 migrants. "The migrant workers were happy as they could not make it in the earlier 6 special trains that left for Danapur," said the official. Danapur is 14 km west of Patna. The fourth special train with 1,520 migrants left Chikka Bannavara station for Lucknow at 5.52 pm. Similarly, Tuesday's fifth special train departed Malur station for Purila in West Bengal at 7:15 pm with 1,548 migrants. Purila is 292 km northwest of Kolkata. Likewise, the sixth train from Chikka Bannavara station to Lucknow departed at 7:58 pm with 1,520 passengers. "This is the 10th special train to Lucknow from Bengaluru,” said the official. The last special train from Malur to Hatia in Jharkhand with 1,440 migrants departed at 9:10 pm. In addition to the Bengaluru and Mysuru special trains, one more such train was operated by the Southern Railway from Mangaluru to Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh. Prayagraj is 201 km away from Lucknow. The special trains are being organised following the Union Ministry of Home Affairs granting permission for the movement of stranded migrant labourers, workers, students, tourists and others. "As per the list provided by the state government, arrangements of train services for approximately 10,059 citizens were made for them to return to their native place from Bengaluru and Mysuru," said the official. Mobilised in Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) buses, each returnee was supplied with victuals such as two water bottles, dates, cookies and buttermilk for their journey. Special trains apart, another train with 1,074 passengers left KSR Bengaluru station at 8:30 pm for New Delhi, following the partial resumption of normal services.
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Bengaluru biotech firm to produce low-cost COVID-19 test kits designed by IIT-Delhi

Coronavirus
The first batch of those kits will be ready in June and will be produced at the company’s Visakhapatnam facility.
COVID19 tst kit made in Andhra
Representational image
IIT Delhi's low-cost COVID-19 testing kit will be produced by a Bengaluru-based biotechnology firm and is expected to be available by the first week of June, according to officials. The large scale assembly and manufacturing of the kits by Genei Laboratories will be carried out at a facility exclusively set up for COVID-19 testing kits at the Andhra Pradesh MedTech Zone (AMTZ) in Visakhapatnam. "Genei Laboratories is one of the companies which has received the non exclusive license from IIT Delhi for the Probe free RT-PCR based COVID-19 low cost test kit," Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Director V Ramgopal Rao said. IIT Delhi, which has become the first academic institute to develop a COVID-19 testing method, is planning to give non-exclusive open licence to companies for commercialising the test, but with a price rider. While the institute has kept a price rider of Rs 500 per kit, Genei Laboratories has not announced the price yet. "We are delighted to enter into a partnership with IIT Delhi for further development and commercialization of this unique detection assay for COVID-19," Genei Laboratories Managing Director S Chandrashekaran said. "Using their unique technology and our expertise in reagent and kit-making, we will ensure an accurate, affordable, Make-in-India kit for the diagnosis of Sars-CoV2," Chandrashekaran said. "Further, Genei Laboratories expects to manufacture the most affordable real time PCR testing Kits for COVID19 in India," he said. "The final kit will have two variants and is expected to be rolled out of AMTZ campus by June 1st week of 2020." The company is among the 40 companies to have reached out to the institute after it got an approval from the Indian Council of Medical Research for the test based on a real-time PCR-based diagnostic assay. According to the team, the current testing methods available are "probe-based", while the one developed by IIT Delhi is a "probe-free" method, which reduces the testing cost without compromising on accuracy. Using comparative sequence analyses, the IIT Delhi team identified unique regions (short stretches of RNA sequences) in the COVID-19 and SARS COV-2 genome. The death toll due to the COVID-19 pandemic rose to 2,293 and the number of cases climbed to 70,756 in the country on Tuesday, registering an increase of 87 fatalities and 3,604 cases in the last 24 hours, the Union Health Ministry said
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